first

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade
sudo apt install gcc make vim git

forbidden integrated GPU and use NVIDIA GPU

cd /etc/modprobe.d/
sudo nano blacklist-nouveau.conf

inside the file, add

blacklist nouveau
options nouveau modeset=0

3. Verify the content

cat blacklist-nouveau.conf
sudo update-initramfs -u
sudo reboot
lsmod | grep nouveau # should be no output

4. set NVIDIA GPU

export __NV_PRIME_RENDER_OFFLOAD=1
export __GLX_VENDOR_LIBRARY_NAME=nvidia

CUDA

1. uninstall old version CUDA

sudo apt --purge remove "*cublas*" "*cufft*" "*curand*" "*cusolver*" "*cusparse*" "*npp*" "*nvjpeg*" "cuda*" "nsight*"
sudo apt autoremove

2. add NVIDIA official APT repo

cd ~
wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu2204/x86_64/cuda-keyring_1.1-1_all.deb
sudo dpkg -i cuda-keyring_1.1-1_all.deb
sudo apt update

3. install new version CUDA

check whether you have installed NVIDIA’s driver by entering nvidia-smi
the result will be like:

Fri Nov  7 22:21:25 2025
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 580.95.05              Driver Version: 580.95.05      CUDA Version: 13.0     |
+-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name                 Persistence-M | Bus-Id          Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp   Perf          Pwr:Usage/Cap |           Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|                                         |                        |               MIG M. |
|=========================================+========================+======================|
|   0  NVIDIA GeForce RTX 5060 ...    Off |   00000000:01:00.0 Off |                  N/A |
| N/A   35C    P2             11W /   60W |      15MiB /   8151MiB |     26%      Default |
|                                         |                        |                  N/A |
+-----------------------------------------+------------------------+----------------------+

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                                              |
|  GPU   GI   CI              PID   Type   Process name                        GPU Memory |
|        ID   ID                                                               Usage      |
|=========================================================================================|
|    0   N/A  N/A            1760      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                        4MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

see the Driver Version: item.
If not:

sudo apt install -y cuda-12-6

if you have already install, you just need to add cuda toolkit

sudo apt install -y cuda-toolkit-12-6

4. Set environment

echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-12.6/bin:$PATH' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda-12.6/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH' >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc

5. Verify

nvcc -V

should show an info like: nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler release 12.6, ...

miniconda

mkdir -p ~/miniconda3
wget https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh -O ~/miniconda3/miniconda.sh
bash ~/miniconda3/miniconda.sh -b -u -p ~/miniconda3
rm ~/miniconda3/miniconda.sh

2. source it

source ~/miniconda3/bin/activate

3. initialize in all shells

conda init --all

vscode

• use space to change a new line in markdown file

in ~/.config/Code/User/settings.json, add

{
  "markdown.preview.breaks": true
}

Chinese Input Method

（1）在设定中添加中文语言支持：Settings -> Region & Language -> Manage installed Languages -> Install / Remove Languages -> 点选 Chinese (simplified) -> Apply
（2）命令更新系统，确保下载完整语言包：sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgrade
（3）重启系统：reboot
（4）添加中文拼音输入法：Settings -> Region & Language -> Input Sources -> + -> Chinese -> Chinese (Intelligent Pinyin)